Shimla Himachal Pradesh, India Travel Guide
Shimla, known by its historical spelling Simla, is the capital and largest city within the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Positioned in the southwestern ranges of the Himalayas, the city sits at an average altitude of 2,276 meters (7,467 feet) above sea level. Dense forests of pine, deodar, oak, and rhododendron trees surround the city. These forests contribute to the clean air and cool temperatures, defining much of Shimla's natural beauty. They present opportunities for walks and lend a calming ambiance, separating the bustling city areas from tranquil natural spaces.
Shimla is a rich history, deeply intertwined with the British colonial era in India. From 1864 until India gained independence in 1947, Shimla held the position of the summer capital of British India. The British administration relocated to Shimla during the hot summer months to escape the sweltering heat of the plains, making it a hub of political and social activity.
The Viceregal Lodge, Christ Church, and Gaiety Theatre are examples of historic buildings from this time. After independence, Shimla became the permanent capital of Himachal Pradesh in 1966. The city hosted the Simla Accord of 1972, a peace treaty between India and Pakistan. The Kalka-Shimla Railway, built between 1898 and 1903, a narrow-gauge line traversing numerous tunnels and bridges, is an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Hindi and Pahari are widely spoken. English is spoken by many in the tourism sector. The official currency is the Indian Rupee (INR), symbol ₹. Notes are available in ₹10, ₹20, ₹50, ₹100, ₹200, ₹500, and ₹2000. Coins in ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, and ₹10. Smaller denominations are useful for local purchases.
Shimla observes Indian Standard Time (IST), which is UTC+5:30. India does not observe daylight saving time. The population of Shimla Municipal Corporation (2011 Census) is approximately 169,578. The city's population increases during peak tourist seasons.
Approximately 35 sq km (14 sq miles).
Colonial architecture, scenic beauty, Kalka-Shimla Railway, Mall Road, Jakhoo Temple.
Tourism, education, horticulture.
230V, 50Hz. Type C, D, and M plug sockets are common.
Approx. 31.1048° N latitude and 77.1734° E longitude.
A panoramic view of Shimla from Jakhoo Hill, showing the city's buildings nestled among the hills and lush deodar trees. The city's unique ridge-top location provides many elevated views, making it a photogenic place throughout the seasons. The varied terrain also creates distinct microclimates within the city, with some areas receiving more sunlight or being more sheltered from winds than others. This geographical setup means that walking around Shimla often holds uphill and downhill paths, requiring comfortable footwear.
Christ Church, completed in 1857, is a prominent landmark. It remains a symbol of British presence and architectural prowess, featuring neo-Gothic style. The church's stained-glass windows are noteworthy.
The Kalka-Shimla Railway, built between 1898 and 1903, holds UNESCO World Heritage Site status. This narrow-gauge line provides better connectivity to the summer capital. Its engineering marvel traverses numerous tunnels and bridges through challenging mountain terrain.
This section offers a brief overview of Shimla, its geographic setting, historical context, and facts. It lays the groundwork for detailed travel planning.
Shimla holds many historic landmarks reflecting its colonial past and natural beauty. These sites are central to the city's identity and visitor experience. The architecture, serene surroundings, and spiritual locations offer diverse experiences.
The British administration developed these locations, transforming Shimla into a summer capital. Their legacy is evident in the structures and the city's overall character. These landmarks also offer various viewpoints for appreciating Shimla's hilly landscape.
Once the British Viceroy's residence, now Rashtrapati Niwas, showing Victorian architecture and sprawling gardens.
A prominent neo-Gothic church on The Ridge, completed in 1857, with distinguished stained-glass windows.
A historic theatre on Mall Road, once a cultural hub for British residents, still hosting performances.
Mall Road is Shimla's main promenade, a lively area for shopping, dining, and strolling. The Ridge, connected to Mall Road, is a large open space offering panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and a cultural meeting point.
