MileHacker Logo
Navigating the Wilderness

Navigating the Wilderness

Minnesota, USA

Public Transit Absence and Local Movement

No comprehensive public transit systems operate in Ely, Grand Marais, Tower, or the other small communities that serve as entry points to the BWCAW. These towns are small and designed for car travel, walking, or cycling. The remoteness of the region means public services are not economically viable for wide-scale transportation.

No formal route maps or public transportation hubs exist for the BWCAW or its immediate vicinity. No ticketing systems or fare options apply to public transit in this region, due to its absence.

Wilderness Navigation Essentials

  • Canoe and Portage: Your main mode of travel. Efficient paddling and smart portaging techniques are central to covering distance.
  • Map and Compass: These are your fundamental navigation tools. Learn how to read a topographic map and use a compass before your trip.
  • GPS/Offline Maps: A GPS device or a Smartphone with downloaded offline maps supplements your map and compass. Do not rely solely on electronics.
  • Accessibility: The BWCAW presents significant challenges for individuals with mobility impairments. Travel involves paddling, carrying gear over uneven terrain, and navigating primitive campsites.

Gateway Town Mobility

Gateway towns offer more accessible facilities, but local transportation outside the wilderness largely relies on private vehicles.

Taxis & Ride-Sharing

Traditional licensed taxis and ride-sharing services (Uber, Lyft) are generally not available in small gateway towns or wilderness entry points.

Shuttle Services

Pre-arranged shuttle services from outfitters are a cost-effective and reliable alternative for airport transfers and reaching entry points.

Rental Options for Boundary Waters Access

Vehicle Rentals
  • Car Rental: Available at major airports (MSP, DLH). Valid driver's license, credit card, and age requirements apply.
  • Motorcycle and Scooter Rentals: Not common or practical for travel to the BWCAW due to distances and road conditions.
  • Bicycle Sharing Programs and Rentals: No bicycle sharing programs exist in gateway towns. Cycling generally not permitted within the BWCAW.
Specialized Watercraft
  • Canoes/Kayaks: The essential mode of travel Within the BWCAW. Outfitters in gateway towns specialize in rentals.
  • Motorboats: Use is highly restricted within the BWCAW, allowed only on a limited number of lakes.
  • Seaplanes: Permitted only to a few designated entry points within the BWCAW, a specialized and costly option.

Driving & Parking Information

Driving Laws

Standard Minnesota driving laws apply.

Road Conditions

Paved to gateway towns, gravel/dirt to many entry points. Generally maintained.

Parking at Entry Points

Designated parking areas at all BWCAW entry points. Often a fee or permit applies.

Outfitter Parking

Many outfitters offer secure long-term parking at their facilities for a fee.

Walking and Cycling

While walking and cycling are common activities, their application within and around the BWCAW is specific.

Pedestrian-Friendly Areas

  • Within BWCAW: Travel is mainly by canoe. Portage trails connect lakes.
  • Short hiking paths may lead from campsites to scenic overlooks or fishing spots.
  • The terrain on portages can be rugged, root-filled, rocky, and muddy. It is not always easy walking.
  • Outside BWCAW: Gateway towns like Ely and Grand Marais have walkable downtown areas with shops and restaurants.

Cycling Information

  • Cycling is generally not permitted within the BWCAW wilderness boundaries. The area is preserved for non-mechanized travel.
  • Dedicated bike trails exist in the broader region of Minnesota, like the Mesabi Trail.
  • For safety, always wear a Helmet if cycling, and be aware of vehicle traffic on roads.
  • No-Go Areas: Do not attempt to walk or cycle into the core wilderness without a canoe and proper permit. Respect private property.

Walking Tour Options

  • Formal guided walking tours are rare within the BWCAW itself.
  • Most travel is self-guided by canoe within the wilderness.
  • Some outfitters or local guides may offer short interpretive walks near their bases.
  • Self-guided walks on portages or campsite areas are common.
  • Always wear appropriate footwear for walking, especially on portages.
  • Water shoes with good grip protect your feet and prevent slips.

Specialized Transportation in the Boundary Waters Region

Tour Buses

These services are not available for direct access to the BWCAW. The nature of the wilderness and its remote entry points does not support such operations.

Cable Cars

No cable cars, funiculars, or other unique local transport systems exist in the Boundary Waters region. The focus remains on self-propelled or limited motorized travel.

Accessibility Services

As noted, the BWCAW presents significant challenges for mobility-impaired travelers due to its rugged, undeveloped nature. Some state parks or areas adjacent to the BWCAW may offer accessible amenities.

Water Transportation within the Wilderness

Canoe Travel

  • The dominant and most defining mode of transport within the BWCAW.
  • Every trip relies on canoes for movement across lakes and rivers.
  • This self-propelled method immerses you in the wilderness.
  • Navigation skills with map and compass are fundamental.

Motorboat Use

  • Motorboat use is highly restricted within the BWCAW.
  • They are allowed only on a limited number of lakes and specific "motor routes."
  • Strict horsepower limits apply to permitted motorboats.
  • Some outfitters offer motorboat tow services on these large lakes.

Seaplane Access

Seaplanes are permitted only to a few designated entry points within the BWCAW, mainly on Basswood Lake. This is a very niche form of transport, often used by those seeking very quick access or for specific guided fishing trips.

Boat Taxis

Boat taxis or water transportation services are not widely available for direct access from populated areas. Canoe is the dominant form of water transport within the wilderness.

Tow Services

If you are on a limited schedule, a tow service on large lakes helps you reach more remote areas quicker, maximizing your wilderness time. These services typically apply to large, named boundary lakes.

Accessibility Services

Challenges for Mobility-Impaired
  • The BWCAW presents significant challenges for mobility-impaired travelers due to its rugged, undeveloped nature.
  • Travel involves paddling, carrying gear over uneven terrain, and navigating primitive campsites.
  • The core wilderness experience is not designed for widespread accessibility.
Limited Accessible Options
  • Some state parks or areas immediately adjacent to the BWCAW may offer accessible amenities or trails.
  • Individuals with mobility needs should contact the U.S. Forest Service or outfitters directly.
  • Inquire about any limited accessible options on the periphery of the wilderness or in gateway communities.

Final Transportation Tip

Planning your journey to and from the region centers on private vehicle transport or pre-arranged shuttles to entry points.