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Getting Around Damascus

Getting Around Damascus

Damascus Dimashq, Syria Travel Guide

Visa & Entry Protocols

Entry into Syria for foreign nationals is complex and highly restricted. All foreign nationals, with few exceptions, need a visa. These exceptions also face stringent security checks.

Applications typically proceed through a Syrian embassy or consulate in your country of residence, often needing a Letter of Invitation (LOI) from a Syrian entity. Expect a thorough security clearance process, which can take weeks or months.

Visa Requirements

  • Valid passport (6+ months) and recent photos.
  • Letter of Invitation (LOI) from a Syrian sponsor.
  • Mandatory security clearance.
  • Extensive immigration and security checks upon arrival.

Timing

Start visa application months in advance. Security clearance takes time.

Restrictions

Travel in rural areas needs special permits and often a security escort.

Health Check

Yellow fever vaccination is necessary if coming from a risk country.

Budgeting & Financial Realities

Currency & Exchange
  • Cash is king: Carry USD or EUR, as international cards find no acceptance.
  • Unofficial rate: Exchange foreign currency through trusted area contacts for better value.
  • Carry small SYP denominations for daily purchases and tips.
Cost & Savings
  • Eat local: Street food and local eateries are budget-friendly.
  • Negotiate: Bargain in souks and for taxi fares.
  • Public transport: Inexpensive where safe and navigable.

Estimated Daily Budget Per Person

Budget

US$50-US$100

Mid-range

US$100-US$200

Luxury

US$200+

Tipping

5-10% in restaurants, small amounts for facilities.

Health & Safety Essentials

Travel to Damascus calls for heightened health and safety awareness. Healthcare infrastructure has seen damage, and security remains a main concern. Specialized travel insurance is necessary.

Health Preparedness

  • Consult a travel health professional 4-6 weeks before departure for vaccinations.
  • Carry a comprehensive Personal first aid kit and all prescription medications with a doctor's note.
  • Drink only bottled or treated water. Exercise caution with food hygiene.
  • Local healthcare capabilities are limited; be prepared for self-reliance.

Security Measures

  • Specialized "crisis response" insurance is necessary; standard policies are void.
  • Maintain a low profile, avoid large gatherings, and political discussions.
  • Stay informed of current security conditions via local contacts or guides.
  • Exercise discretion with photography, especially near government or military sites.

Essential Packing List

  • Modest, layered clothing (long sleeves, trousers/skirts) for cultural respect and climate.
  • Comfortable walking shoes for uneven streets.
  • Headscarf for women travelers, for religious sites.

Documents & Money Safety

Document Copies

Carry multiple physical and digital copies of your passport, visa, and LOI.

Secure Funds

Use a Money belt or Anti-theft bag for cash and documents.

Emergency Contacts

Keep local guide, hotel, and family contacts readily available.

Transportation & Movement

Air travel relies on local carriers. Overland routes from neighboring countries require careful planning. Within the city, taxis and walking are main. Self-driving finds strong discouragement.

Air & Land Arrival

  • Damascus International Airport (DAM) is the sole airport. Flights are via regional carriers.
  • Pre-arrange airport transfers through your hotel or local details for contacting reliable transport.
  • Overland from Lebanon (Masnaa) or Jordan (Nassib-Jaber) is possible but complex.
  • Intercity buses face frequent security checkpoints and delays.

City Navigation

  • The Old City is highly pedestrian-friendly; best explored on foot, ideally with a local guide.
  • Taxis are common. Always negotiate the fare before starting your journey.
  • Self-driving, ride-sharing apps, and cycling are not recommended for foreign travelers.
  • Public buses are very inexpensive but challenging for non-Arabic speakers.

Departure Protocols

Exit Fees

Exit fees may be levied at the airport or land borders.

Confirm amount with local contact.

Timing

Arrive at DAM a minimum of 3-4 hours before your flight for extensive security.

Allow significant extra time for land borders.

Documentation

Ensure all necessary exit stamps and paperwork are complete.

Your passport and visa will be re-examined.

Important Travel Notes

General Advice
  • Always consult your government's latest alerts for travelers for Syria.
  • A local fixer or trusted guide remains highly recommended for navigation and security.
  • Basic Arabic phrases enhance interaction and navigation.
Security Reminders
  • Maintain a low profile and avoid political discussions.
  • Expect frequent security checkpoints and cooperate patiently.
  • Stay informed through local connections regarding safe areas and potential risks.

Critical Warnings

  • Travel Advisories: Most international governments advise against all travel to Syria.
  • Conflict Risk: Risk of shelling, bombings, and violence cannot be discounted.
  • Detention Risk: Risk of arbitrary detention and kidnapping, especially for foreign nationals.
  • Financial: International credit/debit cards are not accepted; bring substantial foreign cash.
  • Healthcare: Infrastructure is severely damaged. Access to quality medical care is limited.
  • Insurance: Typical travel insurance is invalid. Specialized "crisis response" insurance is necessary.
  • Unexploded Ordnance: Significant risk, especially off main roads and in former conflict zones.
  • Restricted Zones: Do not attempt to enter active conflict zones or heavily militarized areas.

Final Recommendation

Traveling to Damascus means choosing an experience of profound historical depth within a challenging contemporary setting.

Thorough preparation, adherence to security advice, and a commitment to cultural sensitivity form the bedrock of a memorable and safe visit to this ancient city. Always prioritize your safety and seek up-to-date information.