Jaffna And The North, Sri Lanka
Ancient temples, colonial remnants, and a community rebuilding its future await discovery.
Jaffna's history spans over two millennia, deeply connected with the Tamil community in Sri Lanka. From the 13th to the 17th century, it was the capital of the Jaffna Kingdom (Kingdom of Aryachakravarti). This period saw the region maintain distinct cultural and political autonomy. Later, Portuguese, Dutch, and British colonial powers ruled Jaffna.
The Sri Lankan Civil War (1983-2009) deeply affected the city. Jaffna was a significant battleground and a center for Tamil nationalism. It sustained extensive damage and caused widespread displacement. After the war, Jaffna began a period of substantial reconstruction. It became a cultural and economic hub for the Northern Province. Today, the city is a symbol of resilience, marking a return to normalcy and a renewed sense of purpose.
Population (Jaffna City, 2012 Census): Approximately 88,138. Predominantly Sri Lankan Tamil, with a small Muslim minority. Hinduism is the main religion, with many Christians (Catholic and Protestant) and a small Muslim population.
Languages: Tamil (official and widely spoken), Sinhala (spoken by some government officials and military personnel), English (understood in tourist-related services). Currency: Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR).
Sri Lanka Standard Time (SLST), UTC+5:30.
230V, 50Hz. Jaffna uses Type D (old British), Type G (British BS 1363), and Type M (South African) sockets.
A Universal travel adapter for your devices is recommended.
Two to three full days in Jaffna city for landmarks and atmosphere. A week for peninsula and island exploration.
The community has faced challenges, but maintains a strong spirit and offers warm hospitality.
Prepare for a trip that rewards curiosity and offers a deep connection to Sri Lanka's diverse heritage. The city provides a peaceful atmosphere now, with many friendly locals ready to share their culture.
Approach your visit with an open mind and respect for local customs. Jaffna is not just a destination; it is a story of endurance, culture, and new beginnings.
The city provides a peaceful atmosphere now, with many friendly locals ready to share their culture and traditions.
Local Insight: The palmyrah palm is a symbol of the North.
Jaffna experiences a tropical monsoon climate. Discover the weather patterns to pick the best time for your travel plans.
Temperatures stay warm throughout the year, averaging 26-30°C (79-86°F). December to February are cooler months, averaging 26°C (79°F). May to August are the warmest months, averaging 30°C (86°F).
This is the driest period, with sunny days and pleasant temperatures, ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities. Humidity is lower. Expect higher accommodation and flight prices, and more visitors at attractions.
Fewer tourists and lower prices are available. This period suits exploration if you tolerate heat and occasional rain. Temperatures are hotter, especially from May to August. Humidity is higher, and you may encounter occasional showers.
Very few tourists visit, leading to lower prices. Landscapes become lush and green. The Northeast Monsoon brings heavy, prolonged rainfall. Expect potential flooding. Some activities may face limitations or cancellation.
The Northeast Monsoon (October-January) can bring strong winds and heavy downpours. This may disrupt travel plans, especially ferry services to the islands. Tropical cyclones are rare but may occur during monsoon transitions. Stay updated on local weather forecasts during these months.
Understand the visa process for a smooth entry into Sri Lanka.
Most foreign nationals need an Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) to enter Sri Lanka for tourism. You can get the ETA online before your arrival. It permits a stay of 30 days from your arrival date, with options for extensions.
Apply using the official ETA website. This is the recommended method. Some nationalities may qualify for a visa on arrival. However, getting your ETA in advance helps you avoid delays and provides a smoother immigration process. For assistance with visa applications, consider services like IVisa or VisaHQ.
ETA Fee: As of late 2023/early 2024, the ETA fee for most nationalities is around USD 50 for tourist visas. Check the official ETA website for current rates as these can change.
Immigration: Upon arrival at Bandaranaike International Airport (CMB) in Colombo, proceed to the immigration counters. Present your passport and ETA. Immigration officers may take fingerprints. The process is generally straightforward if you have all your documents ready.
No special permits are generally required for foreign tourists to visit Jaffna or its surrounding areas.
Tourist areas rarely encounter restrictions. No special permissions are necessary for general sightseeing.
Some military zones or sensitive areas may have restrictions. Do not photograph military personnel or installations without clear permission.
No specific vaccinations are universally required for entry to Sri Lanka.
Entry into Sri Lanka does not have universal vaccination requirements.
Certain vaccinations are recommended for your safety. Review the health recommendations section for more details.
Some nationalities may qualify for a visa on arrival.
While possible, on-arrival visas can introduce queues and potential complications at the airport.
The official currency is the Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR). Exchange rates fluctuate. As of late 2023/early 2024, expect roughly 300-330 LKR to 1 USD. Check current rates before your trip. Major banks and licensed money changers offer the best exchange rates. ATMs are available in Jaffna city and accept Mastercard and Visa cards for withdrawals. Larger hotels and restaurants accept credit cards. However, cash is often necessary for smaller vendors, local transportation, and markets. Always carry enough small denominations.
Tipping is not strictly required but receives appreciation for good service. In mid-range to upscale restaurants, a 5-10% tip is customary if a service charge is not already included on your bill. For tuk-tuk drivers, round up the fare or give an extra LKR 50-100 for longer rides. Porters or hotel staff: LKR 100-200 per bag or service is suitable. For a half-day guide, LKR 500-1,000. For a full day, LKR 1,000-2,000, depending on the quality of service.
8,000 - 15,000 LKR (~USD 25 - 45) for guesthouse, local food, bus, and free attractions.
15,000 - 30,000 LKR (~USD 45 - 90) for mid-range hotel, restaurant meals, hired tuk-tuks, and paid attractions.
30,000+ LKR (~USD 90+) for boutique hotel, fine dining, private car with driver, and exclusive tours.
Budget Guesthouse: LKR 2,500-5,000; Mid-range: LKR 6,000-15,000; Luxury: LKR 15,000-30,000+.
Local Rice & Curry: LKR 300-600; Mid-range: LKR 1,000-2,500; Upscale: LKR 3,000-7,000+.
Prioritize your health and safety during your Jaffna visit.
No vaccinations are required for entry to Sri Lanka. However, the CDC recommends these vaccines for most travelers: Routine vaccines (MMR, DTaP, Varicella, Polio, annual flu shot), Hepatitis A & B, Typhoid, Japanese Encephalitis (if spending much time outdoors in rural areas or during monsoon season), Rabies (if working with animals or in remote areas with limited access to medical care).
Diarrhea/Traveler's Diarrhea is common due to changes in diet and hygiene. Stick to sealed Bottled water. Avoid uncooked food unless you can peel it. Choose reputable eateries that appear clean and busy. A Traveler's first aid kit should include Anti-diarrhea medication like Imodium or Pepto-Bismol.
Jaffna is generally safe for tourists, especially when compared to its past. Violent crime against tourists is rare. Petty crime, like pickpocketing or bag snatching, can occur in crowded areas like markets or bus stations, but it is not widespread.
