Jerash And The North, Jordan
As you step through Hadrian's Arch, the monumental gateway marking the city's southern entrance, you begin a journey back two millennia. The vastness of the site soon becomes apparent. You find yourself surrounded by towering columns, intricate carvings, and the remnants of a city built for public life and spectacle. The air itself seems to whisper stories of emperors, merchants, and citizens who once filled these spaces. Visitors often feel a profound connection to history here, as the structures are so intact you can almost picture daily life unfolding around you. The ability to freely roam through such well-preserved ancient grounds makes Jerash a standout in the world of historical sites, providing a deep and lasting impression on anyone who walks its storied paths. Prepare for an unforgettable exploration where every corner reveals another layer of history.
Jerash, known as Gerasa during ancient times, is one of the most well-preserved Roman provincial towns anywhere in the world. Many call it the "Pompeii of the East" because of its exceptional state of preservation, truly a testament to the sands that covered it for centuries. This city's history stretches back over 6,500 years, beginning in the Neolithic period and continuing through the Bronze, Iron, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic eras. The strategic location, coupled with access to water and fertile land, made it a desirable settlement across millennia.
Jerash truly flourished under Roman rule, starting from the 1st century BC. Its inclusion in the Decapolis, a league of ten Greco-Roman cities in the region, gave it special status and patronage. This affiliation brought wealth and influence, making way for massive public works and architectural achievements. The city's greatest construction phases occurred in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, a period of immense prosperity and peace under the Roman Empire. During this time, the grand temples, theaters, colonnaded streets, and public squares that define Jerash today took shape. The city gained impressive structures like the Temple of Artemis, the South Theater, and the Nymphaeum, all designed to reflect the architectural sophistication and civic pride of Rome itself. A specifically distinguished moment in Jerash's Roman history was the arrival of Emperor Hadrian in 129-130 AD. To honor his visit, the monumental Hadrian's Arch was built at the city's southern entrance. This grand triumphal arch served as a gateway, welcoming visitors and marking the expanded southern boundary of the city. The arch's construction shows the city's prominence and its connection to the imperial power of Rome. Even today, Hadrian's Arch serves as the main entrance for visitors, an impressive start to any exploration of the site. Following its Roman heyday, Jerash continued to thrive during the Byzantine period (4th-7th centuries AD). Christianity became widespread, and many churches were built, often incorporating materials from older Roman structures. These churches, with their mosaic floors, represent another layer of the city's rich history, showing a shift in cultural and religious focus. The city remained an important center until a series of devastating earthquakes, most notably in 749 AD, severely damaged many structures. This natural disaster, combined with political changes and a decline in trade, led to the city's gradual abandonment. For centuries, Jerash lay buried under sand and earth, which ironically contributed to its remarkable preservation. This covering protected the ancient city from erosion and looting, maintaining much of its original form. Systematic excavations began in the 1920s, revealing the city's splendor to the modern world. Today, archaeologists continue to work on the site, uncovering new insights into its long and varied past. The ongoing efforts ensure that future generations also experience the wonder of this magnificent ancient city. Visiting Jerash is an unique opportunity to witness the layered history of a place that persisted for thousands of years, a true marvel of archaeological preservation.
Jerash offers visitors a deep dive into ancient history, mainly focusing on its well-preserved Roman ruins. You should know some facts before visiting. The city is a major archaeological park, meaning you will spend most of your time outdoors. Expect extensive walking over uneven surfaces, ancient cobblestones, and steps. Comfortable footwear is not just recommended; it is fundamental for an enjoyable visit.
The main attraction, the Jerash Archaeological Site, takes at least 3 to 4 hours to explore thoroughly. Many visitors spend half a day or more, especially with a guide. Guides are available at the entrance and provide invaluable context to the structures you see. Consider a guide for a more enriching experience. The entrance fee is 12 JOD, but a Jordan Pass includes this fee and often presents better value if you plan to visit other sites in Jordan.
Jerash Archaeological Site (Roman ruins)
3-4 hours minimum for the main site
Spring (March-May) & Autumn (September-November)
Hot, dry summers; mild, wet winters
12 JOD (included in Jordan Pass)
Summers, especially July and August, are extremely hot, with temperatures often above 35°C (95°F). Plan your visit for early morning or late afternoon during these months. Spring (March-May) and autumn (September-November) present the most pleasant weather, with warm days for exploration. Winter months bring cooler temperatures and rain, making the site less crowded but potentially wet.
Jerash town, the modern city surrounding the ruins, presents basic amenities. You find local restaurants serving traditional Jordanian food, a few guesthouses, and shops. Most visitors stay in Amman, about an hour's drive away, and travel to Jerash for the day. Public transportation options are available from Amman, making an independent visit straightforward. Cash is preferred for smaller purchases and local transport, though credit cards function in larger establishments. Overall, Jerash presents a focused historical experience, calling for physical readiness and awareness of the weather. It promises an impressive look at Roman engineering and urban planning.
The local currency is the Jordanian Dinar (JOD). Arabic is the official language, with English widely spoken in tourist areas.
Modest clothing is appropriate, especially for women, to show cultural sensitivity.
Jerash experiences a Mediterranean climate, marked by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Plan your visit for early morning, especially during warmer months. You miss the crowds and experience the site in the cooler, softer light.
Pleasant temperatures (15-25°C), low humidity. Landscape turns green with wildflowers. Ideal conditions for exploration.
Temperatures often exceed 30°C (86°F), reaching 35-40°C. Very dry air, no precipitation. Midday exploration is challenging.
Comfortable temperatures (18-28°C), low humidity. Summer heat fades. Agreeable conditions for outdoor activities.
Jordan does not experience monsoons or hurricanes. Extreme heat in summer (July-August) calls for careful planning. Plan visits for early morning or late afternoon during these months. Hydrate consistently by carrying a Reusable water bottle. Seek shade whenever possible. Winter brings cold winds and rain, pack layers and waterproof gear. Flash floods occur in wadis (valleys) during heavy winter rains, less common directly within the archaeological park.
Jordan presents a variety of visa options, making it accessible for many nationalities. Check the specific requirements for your country well in advance of your trip. Purchase the Jordan Pass if you plan to visit Petra, Wadi Rum, or any other of Jordan's major sites. It presents significant savings and includes your visa if you meet the minimum stay requirement.
Many nationalities qualify for a visa upon arrival at Queen Alia International Airport (AMM) in Amman, Aqaba Airport (AQJ), and the Sheikh Hussein/Jordan River Border Crossing. Cost: 40 JOD (approx. $56 USD).
Jordan provides an online e-visa application through the official Ministry of Interior website. A secure way to get your visa before departure. Check with IVisa or VisaHQ.
Often the most cost-effective option. Combines visa fee (if staying 3+ nights) with entrance to over 40 attractions including Jerash and Petra. Purchase online at Jordanpass.jo.
Your passport must remain valid for at least six months beyond your planned departure date from Jordan. Ensure it has enough blank pages for stamps.
