How to Get to Machu Picchu. Flights, Transportation, Airlines

Air Connections

Major Airports

The closest airport to Machu Picchu is Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport (CUZ) in Cusco. CUZ does not receive international flights from outside South America.

Gateway Airports

International Gateway: Jorge Chávez International Airport (LIM) in Lima. It handles most international flights arriving in the country. From Lima, you take a domestic flight to Cusco.
Cusco Airport (CUZ): Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport in Cusco. It handles only domestic flights, mainly from Lima, but also from other Peruvian cities like Arequipa.
Direct Flights: Direct flights to Lima (LIM) are available from major global hubs (e.g., Miami, Houston, Atlanta, New York, Los Angeles, Toronto, Madrid, Amsterdam, Paris). Expect connection in Lima for Cusco.

Airport Facilities & Transfers

Understand the amenities available at airports and arrange your transfers upon arrival.

Services and Transfers

Lima (LIM): Full range of facilities – duty-free shops, restaurants, car rental agencies, currency exchange, ATMs.
Cusco (CUZ): Smaller, more basic, with ATMs, a few cafes, souvenir shops.
Cusco Transfers: Taxis outside terminal (negotiate fare approx. S/. 15-25 to city center). Many hotels offer airport pick-up services.

Domestic Airlines to Cusco

LATAM Airlines, Sky Airline, and Viva Air Peru operate frequent flights from Lima (LIM) to Cusco (CUZ). Flight duration is approximately 1.5 hours.

Seasonal Flight Pricing

Prices for both international and domestic flights are higher during Peru's dry season (June-August) due to increased tourist demand. Prices also spike around major Peruvian and international holidays.

Flight Booking Resources

Explore options with Dollar Flight Club for deals or Skyscanner for comparisons. Consider AirHelp for flight delay compensation.

Long-Distance Bus Options

Bus Companies and Routes

Long-distance buses connect major Peruvian cities. They serve as an alternative to flying for budget travelers or those with ample time, but they do not go directly to Machu Picchu.
Major routes connect Lima to Cusco. The journey is long, typically 20-24 hours.
Reputable bus companies include Cruz del Sur, Oltursa, and Civa. They offer various service levels, including comfortable sleeper seats.
Considerations: While more economical, the long travel time and high altitude of the route can be tiring. Flying saves significant travel time and may be a better option for acclimatization.

Road Conditions and Safety

Road conditions in the Andean region vary. Roads connecting Cusco to towns like Ollantaytambo and Urubamba in the Sacred Valley are generally paved and in good condition, but are winding.
During the wet season, heavy rains significantly worsen road conditions. This includes increased risk of landslides, rockfalls, and flash flooding, which can cause temporary road closures or delays.
For road travel between cities or within the Sacred Valley, using reputable tour buses, colectivos, or pre-arranged taxis is generally safer and more convenient than self-driving.
Border crossing information is not directly relevant for reaching Machu Picchu itself.

Train Connections to Machu Picchu Pueblo

Departure Points

Trains run from various points in the Sacred Valley to Aguas Calientes. Cusco (Poroy station): Operates mainly during dry season. Ollantaytambo: Most common and convenient departure point, more frequent services year-round. Urubamba: Some train services also depart from here.

Train Companies

Two main companies operate train services: PeruRail (Expedition, Vistadome, Hiram Bingham) and Inca Rail (The Voyager, The 360°, The First Class). Book train tickets well in advance, especially for the high season (June-August) and for preferred departure times. Tickets often sell out. Use their official websites.

Self-Driving Considerations

Self-driving to Machu Picchu is not practical or recommended. There are no roads to Aguas Calientes. You must take a train. Renting a car in Peru is possible in major cities, but driving conditions in the Andes can be challenging. Most travelers rely on flights, trains, and organized tours. Check DiscoverCars.com for rentals in other regions.

Departure Details

Departure Procedures

Allow ample time for departure, especially from busy airports.

Airport Timing

Domestic Flights (Cusco - CUZ): Arrive at the airport at least 1.5 to 2 hours before your scheduled flight departure time. This allows enough time for check-in, security screening, and any unforeseen delays.
International Flights (Lima - LIM): Plan to arrive at least 3 hours before your scheduled flight departure. Lima's airport is larger and busier, and international check-in procedures can take longer. Traffic in Lima can be heavy and unpredictable, so allow extra travel time to the airport.
Exit Fees or Taxes: There are no specific departure taxes or exit fees charged separately to international travelers departing from Peruvian airports. These fees are typically included in the price of your airline ticket.

Airport & Station Facilities

Understand the amenities available for departing travelers.

Facilities Overview

Cusco (CUZ): The departure area at Cusco airport offers basic facilities, including a few souvenir shops, cafes, and restrooms. It is generally compact and easy to navigate.
Lima (LIM): Lima's international airport provides a wider range of facilities for departing travelers, including duty-free shopping, various restaurants, lounges, and currency exchange services.
Train Stations: Train stations like Ollantaytambo and Poroy are mainly functional. They have basic waiting areas and a few kiosks for snacks or souvenirs. Arrive with enough time to find your platform but do not expect extensive amenities.

Sea/River Arrivals Not Applicable

Sea and river transportation are not relevant for directly reaching Machu Picchu.

No Water Access to Machu Picchu

Ferry services or cruise ship arrivals do not apply to reaching Machu Picchu, as it is an inland site.
While the Urubamba River flows through the Sacred Valley and near Machu Picchu, it is not a navigable route for passenger transportation to the citadel itself.
There are no sea or river connections that lead directly to land transportation options for Machu Picchu. All journeys involve land transport (bus/colectivo) to a train station, followed by a train.

Departure Lounge Information

Lima's Jorge Chávez International Airport (LIM) provides a wide range of facilities for departing travelers.

LIM Departure Amenities

Duty-free shopping.
Various restaurants and cafes.
Lounges for comfort.

Important Considerations for Departure

Allow ample time for check-in and security.
Lima traffic can be heavy; factor in extra travel time to the airport.
Do not bring prohibited items through security.

Have all necessary travel documents (passport, boarding pass) readily available.
Convert any remaining Peruvian Soles if not keeping as souvenirs.
Confirm your flight status before heading to the airport.

General Travel Tips

Money Management

Currency is Peruvian Sol (PEN). Exchange US Dollars at banks or "Casas de Cambio." ATMs are widely available but may charge fees. Credit cards are accepted in many places, but cash is king for small purchases and local markets. Always carry smaller denominations.

Financial Advice

Inform your bank of travel plans.
Withdraw larger amounts less often.
Bargain politely in markets.

Cultural Immersion

Peru has a rich cultural heritage. Embrace local customs, try regional cuisine, and engage with locals respectfully. "Hola," "Gracias," and "¿Cuánto cuesta?" are a good start.

Engagement Tips

Practice basic Spanish.
Try local foods like Ceviche or Lomo Saltado.
Engage with local artisans and vendors.

Environmental Responsibility

Minimize your environmental footprint. Stick to marked trails, avoid littering, and use reusable water bottles. Support eco-friendly tour operators.

Local Interaction

Be respectful of local customs and traditions. Ask for permission before taking photos of people. Support local economies by purchasing directly from artisans.

Altitude Acclimatization

Spend a few days in Cusco (higher altitude) before heading to Machu Picchu. Stay hydrated and avoid alcohol initially to prevent altitude sickness.

Packing & Preparation

Clothing Strategy

Machu Picchu's weather changes quickly, even within a single day. Layering offers the best strategy for comfort and adaptability.

Layering Essentials

Base Layers: Moisture-wicking short-sleeve shirts or long-sleeve shirts made of synthetic fabrics or merino wool. Avoid cotton.
Mid-Layers: A fleece jacket or a lightweight insulated jacket for warmth.
Outer Layers: A waterproof and windproof rain jacket. Rain pants are also highly recommended, especially for the wet season or treks.

Footwear Focus

Proper footwear is to comfort and preventing injuries on various terrains.

Footwear Recommendations

Hiking Boots: Sturdy, broken-in waterproof hiking boots with good ankle support are essential for treks and Machu Picchu's uneven terrain.
Casual Shoes: Comfortable walking shoes or sandals for exploring city streets.
Socks: Moisture-wicking hiking socks (merino wool or synthetic blends) prevent blisters and keep feet dry.

Travel Essentials

Documents

Passport, visa (if needed), copies (physical and digital), travel insurance, reservation printouts, emergency contacts.

Technology

Universal power adapter, unlocked mobile phone (for local SIM), camera with extra batteries, portable charger, offline maps/translation apps.

Health Kit

Basic first aid (bandages, antiseptic), anti-diarrhea meds, pain relievers, blister treatment, altitude/motion sickness remedies, high SPF sunscreen, insect repellent, water purification.

Final Packing Advice

Pack light and strategically. Every ounce counts, especially if you plan to trek or carry your own luggage. Think versatile items that serve multiple purposes.

How to Get to Machu Picchu